The Romani genocide or Romani Holocaust, also known as the Porajmos (Romani pronunciation: , or Samudaripen ("Mass killing"), was the attempt made by Nazi Germany and its allies to exterminate the Romani people of Europe during World War II. Under Adolf Hitler's rule, both Roma and Jews were defined as "enemies of the race-based state" by the Nuremberg laws; the two groups were targeted by similar policies and persecution, culminating in the near annihilation of both populations within Nazi-occupied countries.
Estimates of the death toll of Romanies in World War II range from 220,000 to 1,500,000.West Germany formally recognised the genocide of the Roma in 1982.